A Psychological Profile Of Holden Caufield Essay Example For Students

A Psychological Profile Of Holden Caufield Essay Proposition: Holden Caufield is a threatening, adversely charged character that experiences despondency which comes from a longing not to grow up and an absence of conclusion in his siblings death.If you truly need to find out about it, the primary thing youll presumably need to know is the place I was conceived, and what my lousy youth resembled . . . (pg. 1) These first words that Holden Caufield imparts during his recount occasions that carried him to his breakdown, show the repressed antagonistic vibe that despite everything waits. This example of discourse, the steady articulation of pessimism, is a character characteristic of Holden that shows his inward anguish. Holden additionally feels a nonstop requirement for certification of what he just said with expressions, for example, He truly would.(pg. 25) or It truly isnt. (Pg. 89) This persistent requirement for endorsement shows a brought down degree of confidence. This brought down confidence presumably comes from his mindfulness that he is an inconsistent source. The explanation he is questionable is because of his beguiling account of events. This is seen over and again as Holden develops a person as great or upright, for example, Stradlater, (pg. 25) at that point tears him down later. (pg 43) This powerlessness to give honest records of people could come from his consistent straying from the current point. Holden uninhibitedly admits to this attribute on page 183 when he says The issue with me is, I like it when someone diverges. Its all the more fascinating what not. Certain things they should remain the manner in which they are. You should have the option to stick them in one of those enormous glass cases and simply leave them alone.(pg. 122) This expression Holden made while examining how things were distinctive each time he went to the historical center, originates from a powerlessness to acknowledge that he should grow up. The idea of growing up has driven Holden into episodes of gloom as inhis conversation on page 133, Itd be totally extraordinary. I said. I was getting discouraged as hellfire once more. This free thinker want has driven Holden to have dreams of loftiness as an anecdotal friend in need, The Catcher in the Rye. (pg. 173) The catcher in the rye is without a doubt an allegory, for shielding kids from falling into a similar standard as grown-ups. The failure of Holden to acknowledge growing up and the downturn brought about by it has made Holden self-destructive, what I truly felt like, however, was submitting suicide.(pg. 104) This one expression shows the genuine profundity of Holdens depression.What I did, I began working so anyone can hear to Allie. I do that occasionally when I get very depressed.(pg. 104) This purchased of psychosis shows Holdens absence of conclusion on his more youthful siblings demise. Holden presumably somehow or another reprimands himself for his siblings demise due too not continually permitting him to play with him. Holden sees his late sibling Allie as better then people around him today.(pg. 171) Until Holden comes to get a handle on with his siblings passing he will be not able to manage the downturn and dread of developing up.After playing out a therapy on Holdens case, one is constrained to feel a since of dejection for his future. I think I am, however how would you know what your going to do work you do it? The appropriate response is you dont. I think I am, however how would I know? I swear its a moronic inquiry. (pg. 213) This announcement demonstrates Holdens lethargic conduct to psychotherapy. It is because of this absence of positive advancement that one becomes constrained to prescribe a cushioned cell to guarantee Holden can't hurt himself or any other individual with his silly prattle. Should this type of treatment come up short Holden, one would unequivocally recommend for stun treatment until he can't speak with another living sole. .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .postImageUrl , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content territory { min-tallness: 80px; position: relative; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:visited , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:active { border:0!important; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .clearfix:after { content: ; show: table; clear: both; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 { show: square; progress: foundation shading 250ms; webkit-change: foundation shading 250ms; width: 100%; murkiness: 1; change: obscurity 250ms; webkit-change: mistiness 250ms; foundation shading: #95A5A6; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:active , .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover { darkness: 1; change: haziness 250ms; webkit-progress: obscurity 250ms; foundation shading: #2C3E50; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content region { width: 100%; position: relat ive; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .ctaText { fringe base: 0 strong #fff; shading: #2980B9; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: intense; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; text-enhancement: underline; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .postTitle { shading: #FFFFFF; text dimension: 16px; textual style weight: 600; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; width: 100%; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .ctaButton { foundation shading: #7F8C8D!important; shading: #2980B9; outskirt: none; outskirt span: 3px; box-shadow: none; text dimension: 14px; text style weight: striking; line-stature: 26px; moz-fringe sweep: 3px; text-adjust: focus; text-beautification: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-tallness: 80px; foundation: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/modules/intelly-related-posts/resources/pictures/straightforward arrow.png)no-rehash; position: supreme; right: 0; top: 0; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:hover .ctaButton { foundation shading: #34495E!important; } .u7a37fb37ab ecbd75048f0d2ef16de897 .focused content { show: table; tallness: 80px; cushioning left: 18px; top: 0; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897-content { show: table-cell; edge: 0; cushioning: 0; cushioning right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-adjust: center; width: 100%; } .u7a37fb37abecbd75048f0d2ef16de897:after { content: ; show: square; clear: both; } READ: How to Reduce Sexual Harassment EssayWorks CitedSalinger, J.D. The Catcher in the Rye, Little Brown and Company. Boston, 1951

Two of the most important things Essay Example Essay Example

Two of the most significant things Essay Example Paper Two of the most significant things Essay Introduction In advertising two of the most significant things are the showcasing division and the promoting blend. Regardless of whether you concoct a â€Å"gee-whiz† item, on the off chance that you don't utilize the correct advertising fixings the outcome can be devastating.Nowadays, Sony is the one of the most effectively developing electronic organizations on the planet however it can't be ascribed just to the innovation and the innovation.Sony’s showcasing division comprises of four unique lines: hardware (camera, PC, camcorder, TV, Walkman, MP3 players), Sony Music and Sony Pictures, computerized diversion (Play Station) and cell phone (SonyEricsson).One of the greatest strides in Sony’s life was the point at which the Sony Computer Entertainment area was set up with the Play Station 1 (PS1) idea, and later created with the Play Station 2 (PS2) concept.By the mid-1990s, the entire organization was in a profound funk. Its benefits had sunk from a high of $1,3 billion of every 1992 to lost $3,3 billion of every 1995. The arrangement was the Play Station division in 1993. Under 5-years after the fact, the Play station business had developed to accomplish an unfathomable 40% of Sony’s $3 billion in working benefits and these days, it brings almost 50% of the company’s benefits and Sony possesses the greatest offer from this market in the world.So how was this achievement compromised?Task 1SEGMENTATIONSony undertakings to comprehend its clients however much as could be expected. The promoting division makes the procedure progressively proficient and successful. It separates the market into little pieces and targets individuals who have a place with a similar gathering and feel a similar want for a product.Geographic:Sony noticeably goes all out for to flexibly singular clients. The organization gathers its endeavors in three key markets: USA, EU and Japan yet it is likewise spoken to in 200 nations with help in 68 dialects. Such an inter nationally portioned advertise permits the association to concentrate explicitly on the necessities of their specific markets. The Sony Computer Entertainment America (SCEA) has been set up by Sony to concentrate explicitly on the USA showcase while the Sony Computer Entertainment Europe (SCEE) thinks about the European consumers.A genuine case of how this has appeared is that its comfort and promoting of the item for the Japanese market. Sony concentrated on the way that in excess of 20 million individuals have fast web associations and subsequently it offers PS2 with on-line function1. In any case, in the USA advertise the circumstance was extraordinary and they understood that the variant didn't have an on-line function.Mr. Jack Tretton, VP of SCEA says: † 20% of clients pick the on-line PS2 and its 80% pay the less expensive disconnected product.†In the European market the EU part nations rule, particularly Western Europe. The significant programming essayists are si tuated in London, Paris, and Vienna to flexibly the gigantic game demand.Demographic:Gender first and foremost, most programming created was explicit to the youthful male, such as battling and shooting match-ups. Before long, in any case, Sony understood that it could profit by the female citizenry as well. In 2004, it propelled its development: the Eye Toy. It is an exceptional camera which players can see themselves on the screen progressively and play table tennis, boxing, cleaning windows and drumming for instance. This has been an accomplishment in 2003-2.4 million pieces were sold. (Record 2004)Age-The PS1 reassure actually is second rate compared to the PS2 that it is additionally less expensive. It has less forceful games so it is ideal for individuals age somewhere in the range of 6 and 11. PS2 is increasingly proficient both in equipment and programming henceforth the age division is somewhere in the range of 12 and 19.The most current Play Station reassure will presumably be advanced in 2006 with unique highlights. The processor may be actualized from the pioneer IBM innovation, which is utilized in the popular Power-Apple PC. It will likewise have web modem so even grown-up players can discover get to the Internet playing on the system against each other.Psychographic:In Japan, Sony portrays the Play Station 2 as a totally new dohyou, utilizing the Japanese world for sumo ring. Now and then playing a game can mean something beyond fun. Individuals like playing and winning. It very well may be progressively genuine even among grown-ups. These individuals with achiever and goal-oriented characters like to â€Å"challenge everything† (EA GAMES-one of the greatest programming maker company).Behavioural:Benefit-Sony’s technique depends on the way that it attempts to convince customers that its image offers the best quality for their cash and it is unique in relation to the others.The new PS2 for instance, is, overly light contrasted with d ifferent consoles, therefore it is portable and youngsters can take it with them on vacation, for instance. With the versatile idea, Sony attempts to press out Nintendo’s palm consoles.Loyalty-The clients feel solid faithfulness to the Play Station brand. Above all else, it originates from the conviction that the nature of the item and administration fulfill the clients on an elevated level. Furthermore, there is a connection between's the two consoles.Compatibility-The original of clients who experienced childhood with PS1 like to purchase PS2 in light of the fact that they can play with their old games on the new machine. This reality and the brand faithfulness guarantee that over the long haul individuals become medium or even substantial users.Task 2 (A)MARKETING-MIXThe advertising blend is the one of the most significant things in promoting. The hardest thing is to discover the best blend from the current ingredients.Product:Brand name-Sony consistently attempts to convi nce buyers that its image offers the best quality for them. The company’s objective is to manufacture a solid brand name to catch purchaser dependability and inclination. The Sony name is interchangeable with quality and worth, while the Play Station name recommends the idea however it is unmistakably recognized independently from the primary brand.Hardware-The organization spends enormous sums on innovative work and is the first to deliver items. When PS2 was first propelled, Sony had made a machine, which was driving edge its highlights incorporated a 128-piece processor called the â€Å"Emotion Engine† which was multiple times quicker than a Pentium chip of the equivalent vintage.Sony is the main organization in the amusement showcase which offers such a significant number of various plans of equipment: current silver, genuine dark and cutting edge transparent.The additionally produce in excess of 30 strengthening units.Software-From the starting Play Station was cr eated in coalition with the greatest programming organizations, for example, 3DO, EIDOS, NAMCO UBISOFT and EA GAMES. It made it ready to deliver significantly more programming games in the beginning times. Of late it has given it a major bit of leeway when opponents need to step into the diversion showcase. The key is the scope of games-PS 1 and 2 offer in excess of 1500 games to its new consoles while Microsoft under 500.Service and experience-Sony positions client care exceptionally both when buying. In the primary this is conveyed by means of the Internet through their well known www.playstation.com landing page. The clients discover item and specialized counsel, just as having the option to connect into different PS clients to talk about issues. They can request and purchase equipment and programming support, play in systems and on the off chance that someone is enrolled in the database, they will get extraordinary offers and a great deal of helpful data by email. It unites the clients and adds to the experience of being a piece of Play Station.Price:Sony utilized hostage item estimating for its dispatch, attempted to sell its consoles on moderately modest and bring in cash on computer games, thus it had the option to lessen comfort valuing and increment its overall revenue on games titles †to sixty-five percent in 2002. (Record 2002)The PS2’s greatest adversary was Microsoft’s X-Box comforts which were presented in 2001 yet it couldn't break into the market despite the fact that its cost is $99 against PS2 which is $149. Sony responded in 2003 with another PS2 Satin Silver Edition and it expanded deals by 15% on the grounds that the new item wave was at the privilege time.Microsoft’s value technique is basic, it attempts to diminish the cost. Then again, Sony offers its consoles with 2 free games to entice costumers to purchase instead of diminish its cost and follow the adversaries. Sony additionally has not entered the market a t the minimal effort end, which its adversaries have needed to do so as to contend yet have depended on its â€Å"Quality† picture to help such a valuing system. It focuses on the way that individuals regularly believe that if something is generally modest, it must be low quality (regardless of whether it isn't true).Place:Sony presents its Play Station idea in Asia, Europe, Africa, America and Australia.It advances its consoles in expert shops, stores, especially play shops and other comparative spots. Here costumers likewise can play with and test the new equipment and programming with the accessible consoles.Every year the Play Station truck goes around America, subsequently an open door presents that clients can play and test the new games free in a cutting edge surrounding.Promotion:The venture spends a great deal of cash on crusades particularly in the USA to crush out its greatest opponent from the second greatest market2.Task 2 (A)THE U.S.PWhen first PS1 was propelled in 1994, it was the perfect time to get the new PC age and make for them another diversion world. Ken Kutaragi devised this new advanced world. Kutaragi conceived a PC business with character, fun and feeling. After two years’ improvement engineers achieved the making of Play Station (PS1) with an absolutely new chip with a plastic shell. It was the first to consolidate a 32-piece processor, a designs chip, and a decompression motor on a similar bit of silicon, also called a framework on-a-chip. After this enormous advance the amusement pr

Why Bloggers Cant Relax On Facebook

Why Bloggers Cant Relax On Facebook Make Money Online Queries? Struggling To Get Traffic To Your Blog? Sign Up On (HBB) Forum Now!Why Bloggers Cant Relax On FacebookUpdated On 23/04/2017Author : Yousuf Khan JeeTopic : Facebook FeaturedShort URL : http://hbb.me/2oz4eDp CONNECT WITH HBB ON SOCIAL MEDIA Follow @HellBoundBlogFacebook has always been one of the hot-spot for bloggers for fun and for connections. Obviously, everyone would like to tap the power out of 800 active million users. No wonder users are so obsessed with Facebook. As a blogger, I stay online most of the time and honestly, 30% of my time Im on Facebook. Either going through my news feed, chatting, answering my readers questions and so on. But by the end if I think, was it any good? Was it any profitable for me? The only thing which I feel right now it: Facebook is really no more a fun and relaxing place for online earners especially bloggers. Its a place where you have to be because of your marketing needs but if you indulge yourself into fun part o f Facebook, you are missing out with your competitor.The Era of Email has goneIt is no more than 6-8 months when I got few emails asking me to write guest posts on their blog but from the past few months, I have not even received a single email by a blogger. All the emails I get are from my subscriptions etc.What is happening with me is that everyone who wants to communicate with me using Facebook. They send me emails asking questions, help for their problems, asking me to write for them etc. If they want to chat with me, they can simply do it with Facebook.Its nothing amazing that Facebook is being used for all this because Facebook is really the most simplest and easiest way to communicate with others nowadays.READ3 Simple Reasons Why You Need More ContentHow its creating problemsIts really good that all my communications are added on Facebook and I can communicate directly with them without shifting between different sites. Well, everything has a side-effect.Sometimes I want to r elax and chat with my friends or see their pics so I turn offline but anything I do is updated on the ticker and my clients and fellow bloggers can see it. Its looks unprofessional to them and they think that I am avoiding them. I came to know this when one of my blogger friend told me that he didnt expect this from me. As a blogger you should also maintain good relationship with your clients.How to Avoid these problems?There are only two ways to avoid these problems, simply turn offline and be visible to only those you want or follow the second one. The second method which I know of is to create a new profile, hide it from search results and only add your friends and family. In this way, you can sign out from your business-profile and sign in to your other profile where you have added your friends and family.You may not know that Facebook keeps track of your online activity, sucks it into its database where it remains forever. You can read this post for stopping Facebook from track ing your web-activity.Also check the tips to avoid Facebook Addiction.

The Student Will Watch The Teacher Crumble Up A Blank...

The student will watch the teacher crumble up a blank piece of paper. After, the paper will be unfolded. The students will notice that the paper cannot go back to being as smooth as before. The teacher will apologize to the paper. The students will be informed that even though the paper got an apology, the creases didn’t come out. This is the same when it comes to bullying. The students will be informed that when we read one book and it makes you think about another book; that is making a text to text connection. A text to text connection is a connection that is made between two books or texts that you have read. Text to text connections can be made by comparing characters, personalities, actions, and story events. Text to text connections can be made by the theme or message the author is trying to convey. We can even make text to text connections by comparing different versions of the same story. The students will listen to a read aloud by sharing My Secret Bully by Trudy Lud wig. For English language learners, the students will have a copy of the book in front of them to follow along. During the read aloud, the students will be asked to think about how this book reminds them of our previously read book, Just Kidding by Trudy Ludwig. The students will be informed that when making text to text connections, we can ask ourselves â€Å"What does this remind me of in another book I’ve read? How is this text similar to other things I’ve read? How is this different from other booksShow MoreRelatedThe Ballad of the Sad Cafe46714 Words   |  187 PagesSad Cafà © and Other Stories by Carson McCullers Back Cover: When she was only twenty-three her first novel, The Heart Is A Lonely Hunter, created a literary sensation. She is very special, one of America s superlative writers who conjures up a vision of existence as terrible as it is real, who takes us on shattering voyages into the depths of the spiritual isolation that underlies the human condition. A grotesque human triangle in a primitive Southern town. . . A young boy learning theRead MoreEssay on Fall of Asclepius95354 Words   |  382 Pagesthink of those horror movies or comic books where, for no reason what so ever, zombies appear all around the globe in an instance. Thats not how it happened for us. There were signs for over two months. Its just that no one took the time to put the pieces together. I kind of did. I knew there was something more than what we were told about the riots and outbreaks, but I never even thought of the possibility that zombies were the cause of all our troubles. We were all caught off guard. You know,Read MoreDeveloping Management Skills404131 Words   |  1617 PagesOral and Written Presentations Supplement B Conducting Interviews 619 Supplement C Conducting Meetings 651 Appendix I Glossary 673 Appendix II References 683 Name Index 705 Subject Index 709 Combined Index 713 iii This page intentionally left blank CONTENTS Preface xvii INTRODUCTION 1 3 THE CRITICAL ROLE OF MANAGEMENT SKILLS The Importance of Competent Managers 6 The Skills of Effective Managers 7 Essential Management Skills 8 What Are Management Skills? 9 Improving ManagementRead MoreStephen P. Robbins Timothy A. Judge (2011) Organizational Behaviour 15th Edition New Jersey: Prentice Hall393164 Words   |  1573 PagesOrganizational Behavior This page intentionally left blank Organizational Behavior EDITION 15 Stephen P. Robbins —San Diego State University Timothy A. Judge —University of Notre Dame i3iEi35Bj! Boston Columbus Indianapolis New York San Francisco Upper Saddle River Amsterdam Cape Town Dubai London Madrid Milan Munich Paris Montreal Toronto Delhi Mexico City Sao Paulo Sydney Hong Kong Seoul Singapore Taipei Tokyo Editorial Director: Sally Yagan Director of Editorial Services:

What I Think The Synthesis Of Cultures - 951 Words

Learning Activity 3 What I think the synthesis of cultures in America would look like if it settles. I would say the world would be more peaceful and all cultures, a race would get along. The United States of America thrives on diversity. A synthesis of the world s plentiful and varied races, religions, and culture, America is a home to all, such that no one group can call itself more â€Å"American† than another. The fusion of cultures here can be just as proud of their aboriginal culture heritage as they are to be an American. For this, all that America is all about it is this rare synthesis of different cultures and mentalities, this outstanding hammering out of a concrete civic identify that amalgamates freedom, equality, and community spirit. Without its rich mixture of religion, race, and culture, America wouldn t be the nation that it is today. 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the study of aerodynamics and gravity Essay - 1515 Words

My topic for the science fair is â€Å" Which falling objects fall the fastest? â€Å". Many factors affect the speed of aerodynamics such as the different forces on the object. The aerodynamics of the object and the physics surrounding the object. Great scientists have studied falling objects such as Galileo Galilei and Sir Isaac Newton. I will discuss their lives, experiments and scientific findings. Aerodynamics is the study of force on an object. It has been called the science of flight. Aerodynamics consists of two Greek words. Aerios means â€Å" concerning the air â€Å", while dynamis means â€Å" powerful â€Å". The wind duct is the basic experimental tool in the studies of dynamics. The three main forces used in aerodynamics are the lifting force, the†¦show more content†¦Why couldn’t the apple go up, or left, or right? Why did it go down? In his experiments, he found that an invisible force is pulling us down and keeping everything on the ground. This explained why the apple fell down and not in any other direction. Newton figured out that the force keeps everything on the earth. He discovered that the force even held the atmosphere around the earth. Newton called this force gravity. For example, when you jump, you come back down to earth. If there was no gravity, you would float up and disappear into space. He also discovered different planets have more or less gravity. For instance, Pluto has almost the same amount of gravity as earth, but the moon has much less gravity than the earth. If you jumped on the moon, it would take you more time to get down. Since there is less gravity on other planets, their atmosphere does not keep in much oxygen, thus it is harder to breathe on other planets. That is why astronauts wear spacesuits, to give them air. Because planets with weak atmospheres cannot hold in much heat, it is cold on the other planets, except for those close to the sun. 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Drug abuse with athletes Essay Example For Students

Drug abuse with athletes Essay Drugs have been a problem in our society for many years. They have been used and abused by many groups, including professional athletes. It is certainly quite common to hear about or read about athletes and drug use. Although drugs have a lengthy history of use by athletes, they have varied effects on the body and different preventions. Much of the worlds supply of cocaine is produced in South America. Thousands of years ago, the ancient Incas of Peru chewed coca leaves because they made it possible for them to work in the high mountains of the land for longer periods of time. In the 1880s Bolivian soldiers were given the drug to help them gain endurance and overcome fatigue. It wasnt until the early years of the 20th century that cocaine increased in popularity among athletes (Coca). Cocaine is a naturally occurring alkaloid, extracted from the leaves of the coca plant. . Eighty thousand tons of coca leaf will eventually produce about 200 tons Marijuana was first smoked as a medicine as early as 2737 B. C.E. in China. Marijuana is a mixture of leaves, stems, and flowering tops of the hemp plant. The hemp plant has the highest cannabinoid concentration found in the flowering tops. Marijuana is referred to as grass, pot, tea, or weed. The hemp plant grows wild through most of the world and can be cultivated in any area with a hot season. It grows best in central Asia. The main psychoactive compound in marijuana is delta-9-tetrahydrocannibinal, better known as THC, a strong hallucinogenic that passes from the lungs into the blood and the brain. The THC content of marijuana has increased eight fold in the last few years and some now exceed 10 percent. Hash oil may contain 15 to 30 percent THC. Marijuana is by far the most frequently used illicit drug in the United States(Marijuana). enhancement, anabolic-andogenic steroids are todays sports drugs of choice. Steroids are a family of synthetic compounds. . These children were prepped with wind sprints at six and steroids at 16, the sport vanished from sports (Rosellini 52). Cocaine was first used by doctors in the late 1800s as an anesthetic. It was also used during this time to treat fatigue, alcohol, morphine addiction, impotence, stomach disorders, asthma, and many other complaints including depression. Despite evidence that cocaine was habit forming, it was an ingredient in many popular patent medicines, and until 1903 it was in Coca-Cola. Most countries prohibit its use except for limited medical purposes. Cocaine is the most reinforcing drug around. . It is a hardened, very addictive form that may be smoked directly. Cocaine is very expensive. A single dose may be as little as a quarter of a gram, but it can easily There are no currently approved uses for marijuana in the Unites States. However, many doctors obtain THC from the federal government under special arrangements in order to prescribe it for cancer patients. THC is effective in reducing the nausea that cancer patients suffer from. Marijuana may stimulate appetite. Marijuana may be smoked or taken by mouth. The same dose of THC is about three times as effective when smoked as when ingested. Marijuana is smoked in the form of a hand-rolled cigarettes, but it is also smoked in a variety of pipes. After smoking marijuana, the user has a high, including an increased sense of well-being, relaxation, and sleepiness. Most users learn to avoid overdosage by taking only as many inhalations as required to produce the desired high. Steroids may have some therapeutic value. The United States Food and Drug Administration has approved the use of selected steroids for treating specific types of anemia, some breast cancers, osteoporosis, endometriosis, and hereditary angioedema, a rare disease involving the swelling of some parts of the body. Steroids are used today by young people that are in a hurry to reach maturity or by someone that hates his skinny body. .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .postImageUrl , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .centered-text-area { min-height: 80px; position: relative; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:hover , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:visited , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:active { border:0!important; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .clearfix:after { content: ""; display: table; clear: both; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 { display: block; transition: background-color 250ms; webkit-transition: background-color 250ms; width: 100%; opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #95A5A6; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:active , .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:hover { opacity: 1; transition: opacity 250ms; webkit-transition: opacity 250ms; background-color: #2C3E50; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .centered-text-area { width: 100%; position: relative ; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .ctaText { border-bottom: 0 solid #fff; color: #2980B9; font-size: 16px; font-weight: bold; margin: 0; padding: 0; text-decoration: underline; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .postTitle { color: #FFFFFF; font-size: 16px; font-weight: 600; margin: 0; padding: 0; width: 100%; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .ctaButton { background-color: #7F8C8D!important; color: #2980B9; border: none; border-radius: 3px; box-shadow: none; font-size: 14px; font-weight: bold; line-height: 26px; moz-border-radius: 3px; text-align: center; text-decoration: none; text-shadow: none; width: 80px; min-height: 80px; background: url(https://artscolumbia.org/wp-content/plugins/intelly-related-posts/assets/images/simple-arrow.png)no-repeat; position: absolute; right: 0; top: 0; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:hover .ctaButton { background-color: #34495E!important; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .centered-text { display: table; height: 80px; padding-left : 18px; top: 0; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450 .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450-content { display: table-cell; margin: 0; padding: 0; padding-right: 108px; position: relative; vertical-align: middle; width: 100%; } .u472b0319740182a7c74f5fb8fe6f2450:after { content: ""; display: block; clear: both; } READ: Jurassic Park Essay Paper Most of all, steroids are used by athletes to build muscle mass. They also help muscles to recuperate more quickly from exhaustion or injury. These enable users to train more frequently and for longer periods of time at a high intensity. Athletes generally take the drugs in dosages 10 to 100 times greater than would be prescribed for therapeutic purposes. Furthermore, athletes often take more than one type of steroid at a time, a practice known as stacking. Steroids may be .

Japan-the Strange Country free essay sample

More than 220,000 (two hundred and twenty thousand) people lost their lives and as a result, Japan abandoned its war time constitution. In these ways Japan is a country with its own original culture and history, but nowadays there are also many strange things about modern day Japan. Lets take a look at these strange things in eight different categories. 1. Character. Japanese people tend to be short, have black hair, small mouth and small eyes. This is a typical Japanese salaryman and over here is a Japanese schoolgirl. These days Japanese girls have a variety of ways to make their eyes appear bigger. Theres even a function to make your eyes so big when you have a photo taken. Japanese technology sure is amazing. Another obsession Japanese girls have is with brands. Not more than anything else, theyre obsessed with diets. Japanese women walk about town, carrying their high-quality brand bags. We will write a custom essay sample on Japan-the Strange Country or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page (Above ) for them, its the ultimate status symbol. Japanese people also have the worst eyesight of anyone in the world with 40% (forty percent) of people using glasses or contact lenses. Japanese people are, generally, pretty shy. You could say that they find it particularly difficult to express how they really feel. Thanks to this, Japanese company meetings tend to drag on, and even after work is over, a Japanese person cant refuse an invitation for drinks. They also need to be careful of (whats the ) relationships between their boss and co-workers. Dont forget to bow on your way home, again, and again, and again. So, when do I get my vacation? 2. Tokyo Tokyo, Japans capital city, makes up an extremely small area, but its the heart of Japanese politics, economy, distribution and fashion. A true megalopolis. Tokyo is the Mekka, the place everyone wants to live. And so in recent years, its become overpopulated to the extreme. An example, compare to an American, who can claim a living space of 180 (one hundred and eighty) square kilometers to himself, there are 11 (eleven) Japanese people cramming to the same space, but in Tokyo alone, there are 192 (one hundred and ninty-two) people squished into the same extremely crammed living conditions. At the famous SHIBUYA scramble crossing, about every green light (drain peak hours, around 3,000 (three thousand) people will cross at the same time. At a Tokyos McDonalds, its perfectly normal to have just 50 centimeters of bench space per customer. (Aint that ) like being a chicken in the coop, isnt it? 3. Food From traditional Japanese style food, to Chinese, Italian, French and American style junk food, Japan is a nation of food lovers. However, the amount of food actually produced in Japan is only around 40%. Its incredible to think that a nation so obsessed with food lets 23,200,000 (twenty-three point two million) tons of it go to waste every single year. Thats actually more than four times the 5,900,000 (five point nine million) tons of food that gets sent yearly by eight programs to assist starving nations. Right now, there are 1,000,000,000 (one billion) people in the world suffering from starvation. Thats equal to one in every seven people. And someone in the world dies from starvation every four seconds. Of those who die, more than half are children under five. But despite that, Japanese people will eat as much as they like and simply throw away the rest. So, Japanese cuisine, really is a big deal. 4. Technology Japan is a techonologically advanced nation with bullet trains that reach a speed of 300 (three hundred) kilometers an hour. And mobile friends that can act as a credit card and television all-in-one. Robots that walk like humans? Now truly. There are even restaurants that employ robots to make your RAMEN for you. The toilets in Japan now (lift technological marvels? ). The seat warms your bottom. The lid automatically opens and shuts. And if you like, your toilet will even wash your and hhh. But for some reasons, old-style Japanese squat toilets still remain popular. Cant imagine why. 5. Water In Japan, if you turn on the tap, the water that comes out of it is perfectly safe to drink as is. Being an island country, Japan has water in abundance, but despite this, Japan imports huge amounts of mineral water from Europe, like about 580,000 (five hundred and eighty thousand) kilo liters every year. That amount equates to more than 1,160,000,000 (one point one six billion) 500 (five hundred) milliliter PET bottles. By the way, more than 1,100,000,000 (one point one billion) people in the world, or about eight times the population of Japan, dont have access to clean drinking water. A large portion of those who have to drink dirty water suffer from diarrhea and other diseases. 6. Sushi When you think Japan, you think SUSHI. Theres a traditional style counter SUSHI restaurants, but now SUSHI train restaurants are also popular. You can choose from shrimp, salmon roe, egg and any number or types of SUSHI. Recently, you can even order pudding or Korean BBQs. We dont really know why. By the way, the king of SUSHI in Japan is TUNA. That almost 2 million tons of it fished worldwide every year, Japanese people eat 710,000 (seven hundred and ten thousand) tons. Thats a third of the worlds total. Or Japan consumes 80% of the worlds supply of bluefin tuna. In the past thirty years, the total population of tuna has decreased by a third. Because of that, the bluefin tuna could soon be designated a threatened species, just like the giant panda, blue whale, tiger and African elephant. Now, for the amount of disposable wooden chopsticks that you use to eat that SUSHI with, Japanese people use 23,000,000,000 (twenty-three billion) pairs of chopsticks per year and every person will throw a two-hundred pairs each. And these days, 90% of those chopsticks are sourced from China. Did you have any idea that Japan was using Chinese natural forest resources to make its disposable wooden chopsticks? 7. Love Have you seen those amazing buildings that look like fairytale castles? Well, youre in Japan. Of course, they are love hotels. Therere around 30,000 (thirty thousand) love hotels in Japan and in a single day, 1,850,000 (one point eight five million) couples will visit one. Thats quite a lot, but consider this, while every Japanese couple has sex of a grand total of 48 times a year. Incredible! Oh, for the record, this is an actual Japanese castle. Please, dont mistake it for a love hotel and try to have sex in it. 8. Suicide For a country with such a strong economy and the luxury of throwing away unwanted food, youd think Japan would be a happier country, but it also boasts one of the highest rates of suicide in any developed nation. Even Mount FUJI, a revered symbol of Japan, is a notorious suicide spot for the around 100 dead bodies discovered in the surrounding woodiness every year. Its so not important, but every year, around 35,000 (thirty-five thousand) people in total kill themselves in Japan. Thats 90 people every day. Every 16 minutes in Japan, one person takes their own life. I guess a healthy economy does not necessarily make a happy country, does it? So, this is Japan. When you look at it from a global perspective, do you see what I mean when I say Japan is a strange country? Does Japan seem a bit different from what you first imagined? After all, Japan projects an image of wealth and prosperity. Theres probably a lot you cant see behind that image. But take a step back and you can see the bigger, strangier picture. And who created this strange country? You did.

Tip-Of-The-Tongue (TOT) Phenomenon

Tip-Of-The-Tongue (TOT) Phenomenon In psycholinguistics, the tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon is that feeling that a name, word, or phrase- though momentarily unrecallable- is known and will soon be recalled. According to linguist  George Yule, the  tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon  mainly occurs with uncommon words and names. [S]peakers generally have an accurate phonological outline of the word, can get the initial sound correct and mostly know the number of syllables in the word (The Study of Language, 2014). Examples and Observations: Whats the name of that stuff I wanted to tell your mother to use?Wait a second. I know.Its on the tip of my tongue, she said.Wait a second. I know.You know the stuff I mean.The sleep stuff or the indigestion?Its on the tip of my tongue.Wait a second. Wait a second. I know.(Don DeLillo, Underworld. Scribner, 1997)You know, the actor guy! Oh, what is his name? See, the thing is, the thing is, the thing is that when I say his name, youll go, Yes! The actor guy, love him, adore him . . .. But I cant think of his name. Its on the tip of my tongue. You know who I mean. Hes got the hair, the eyes, a bit of a nose, and a mouth, and its all held together with, like, a face! (Frank Woodley, The Adventures of Lano Woodley, 1997)The tip-of-the-tongue phenomenon (henceforth, TOT) straddles the line between what we think of as memory and what we think of as language, two closely related cognitive domains that have been studied somewhat independently of each other. . . . The implications of whethe r TOT is memory-related or language-related has different implications. Consider the following example. Political pundits used to make fun of former President George H. Bush because of his frequent word-finding failures. Despite his obvious depth of knowledge and expertise, his speech was sometimes characterized by pauses suggesting a failure to recall a known word. His deficit was usually attributed to absent-mindedness, rather than a lack of clear thinking. In other words, it was dismissed as a language-production failure, not a more consequential memory failure. His son, President George W. Bush, suffers from a similar affliction. However, the sons speech errors (e.g., Kosovarians, subliminable) are often interpreted as a lack of knowledge, and therefore, a learning deficit; a more consequential one for a president. (Bennett L. Schwartz, Tip-of-the-Tongue States: Phenomenology, Mechanism, and Lexical Retrieval. Routledge, 2002) The TOT state demonstrates that it is possible to hold the meaning of a word in ones mind without necessarily being able to retrieve its form. This has suggested to commentators that a lexical entry falls into two distinct parts, one relating to form and one to meaning, and that one may be accessed without the other. In assembling speech, we first identify a given word by some kind of abstract meaning code and only later insert its actual phonological form into the utterance we are planning. (John Field, Psycholinguistics: The Key Concepts. Routledge, 2004) Also Known As: TOT Also see: Bathtub EffectMemorySlip of the TongueWhat Are Placeholders in English?

Compare and contrast between liberalism and conservatism Essay

Compare and contrast between liberalism and conservatism - Essay Example High level of individual freedom is the core of classical liberalism whereas liberal conservatism advocates small governmental intervention on individual matters. In other words both are similar as far as individual freedom is concerned. Classical liberalism advocates private property and liberal conservatism also do not deny earning of private property. Liberty and prosperity were the major slogans of classical liberalism. Liberal conservatives also emphasize human's freedom, capitalism and a free economy/market. Progressive liberals are not much keen in doing what they advocate in their manifesto. Most of their principles and policies were lie on paper alone. On the other hand, traditional conservatives believe in natural laws and moral principles. Tradition, custom, hierarchy, patriotism, localism regionalism etc are different dimensions of traditional conservatism whereas progressive liberals will never advocate all those things publicly, but they engage in similar activities pri vately.

Standardized Assessments Research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words

Standardized Assessments - Research Paper Example Standardized testing is a chief provision of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). Standardized tests are often referred to as high stakes testing because the tests are utilized to gauge the proficiency of students against other students, teachers abilities are evaluated based on the outcomes of standardized tests, and schools are judged based on student’s scores from the tests. High stakes assessments are mandated by the NCLB and students complete these tests at different grade levels. High stakes testing is used to place students in selective course sections, rating schools against other schools, and influences merit pay for teachers. NCLB advocates believe that standardized testing is required to prepare students for the global economy, diminish inequalities in the school testing environment, and permit the execution of objective assessments. Introduction Standardized testing is a chief provision of the No Child Left Behind Act of 2001 (NCLB). Standardized tests are often referred to as high stakes testing because the tests are utilized to gauge the proficiency of students against other students, teachers abilities are evaluated based on the outcomes of standardized tests, and schools are judged based on student’s scores from the tests. High stakes assessments are mandated by the NCLB and students complete these tests at different grade levels. Standardize tests lead to appraisal of educators, appraisal of pedagogies, curricula, and schools (Crump 54). Unfortunately the NCLB is worsening, not resolving, the difficulties that induce numerous students to be left behind. (Guisbond and Neill 12) High stakes testing is used to place students in selective course sections, rating schools against other schools, and influences merit pay for teachers. The merit pay aspect of testing has enticed instructors to form their content delivery based on the high stakes to prepare their students to surpass other students. The consequences of this mode of i nstruction are not beneficial to the students but it is advantageous for the teacher whose students do well on the test. If a student is less than proficient on the test then it reflects on the teachers instructional abilities. NCLB advocates believe that standardized testing is required to prepare students for the global economy, diminish inequalities in the school testing environment, and permit the execution of objective assessments. History of No Child Left Behind The NCLB is a component of educational modifications that emphasizes basic skills, prescribed assessments, and high-stakes testing (Crump 55). NCLB legislation requires that schools be held responsible for student development. High-stakes examinations and mandated testing has become the principal instrument for assessing student progression. The goal of the NCLB is to verify that students have a equitable chance to receive a high caliber education and attain proficiency on state academic achievement metrics and state a cademic testing (Crump 53). The NCLB legislation beginnings occurred when the Elementary and Secondary Education Act was created. The Elementary and Secondary Education Act, that created Title I, was President Lyndon B. Johnson's efforts with the War on Poverty and Great Society programs and the goal was aimed to improve educational prospects for disadvantaged students (Crump 55). Federal financial support for education curricula decreased during President Ronald Reagan's presidency in the 1980s. The importance in education switched to tougher academic metrics, additional course obligations, an expanded school day, and modifications in the preparedness of teachers (Crump 56). Title I was modified in 1988 and necessitated states to confirm the academic accomplishment of disadvantaged students by standardized test scores (Crump 56). Elementary and Secondary Education Act funds were then allocated to schools and districts of disadvantaged students based on the student’

The Impact Of How Organisational Structure

The Impact Of How Organisational Structure The organisational structure has a great influence on the people working for the organisation. The way the employees are organized and dealt with, has a noticeable influence on each employee of the organisation. If the organisation has a strong leadership, it helps other people working for it to get motivated and to be influenced by the works of leader and they eventually get boosted. This leads to the betterment of organisation and promotes more people to work for the organisation. Leadership has a direct influence on the organization, with the leadership style the organization can be moulded in the direction which is best suited for it. The surveys and researches done so far have proved that the attitude of an employee to the organization is dependent on the structure of organization. If the individual is happy with his job and show positive attitude towards the job the organization is more likely to be get benefited from it, if the employee has a negative impact then preferably th e organization gets suffer (CITEHR 2005). The organization consists of people with different nature and aptitude. Each person has its own skills and knowledge, so he is capable of handling stuff in his own way. The organization impacts the person in a way that he has to manage himself according to the needs of the organization. The person has to mould his skills to suit the requirements. Many factors are included which strengthens or weakens the ability of people working in an organization. The main factors included are adaptability; this is that how much a person can get adapted to the working environment he is going through. Then comes the social values; this explains the values which are to be maintained in order to continue the friendly employee to employer and employee to employee relation respectively (SACHING 2009). Through this the risk of conflicts can be minimised. Analyse how Organisational culture plays a vital role in employees efficiency and effectiveness. Efficiency is the time taken to do some particular task. The efficiency is when you complete your task in the minimum time. Whereas effectiveness is the height of results achieved from tasks. This is actually the actions of employees which brings about the results and helps the organization getting effective results (CHRON 2012). The organization has a great influence on both the efficiency and effectiveness of the employee. The culture of an organization particularly helps in constructing an efficient employee and it can harm the efficiency of an employee as well. So basically it has a great influence. The organizations with proper planned structures and stabled culture are more likely to bring about a positive change in their employees. If the organization has a setup which includes proper trainings, sit-ups with the manager and discussions about the relevant matter, then no doubt the organization is going to bring about efficient workers. For example the company has got and Entrepreneur resource planning ERP system installed in place, this helps employees getting in touch with each other and they can access each other directly wherever they are eventually saving time and making their work efficient. Similarly if the organization wants the best result it needs to have an effective planning of actions need to be performed in order to achieve those results. The factors that can improve the effectiveness of the employee are through having a proper individuals performance review over a specific period of time. This will help the organization figuring out the strengths and weaknesses of the employees, which should be recorded and monitored on preceding tasks. The other way to improve effectiveness is through organizing tests and tasks for employees, the results will clearly show the level of effectiveness the organization can gain from that employee that can be changed later with training in the field where employees lack, if things like these are in place then organizational culture is really improving the employee skills and will eventually get benefited. So this shows that the organization culture has indeed a great influence on the efficiency and the effectiveness of the employees working for it (CHRON 2012). Understand approaches to managing the differences between individuals that impact on their performance at work Employees behaviour at work is highly influenced by personal differences. Explain. Employees in an organization work as a team and bring about changes to the organizations. Every employee has its special character and the behaviour it possesses. Some lacks in some capabilities and others have access of some capabilities, so they make up a good team with difference in their aptitude with which they approach the tasks. The personal differences help each other in getting motivated and bring in employees the power to compete and excel in their fields. It does have a negative influence as well sometimes that employees can take one with abilities as their rival rather than following him they can just get to the worse of developing personal grudges against him. Organizations have people from different sectors and these bring about the people with different life styles and different working styles as well. To counter these differences employees work in a way so that they can manage with each and every person in the working area. The ones that are unable to manage starts getting irritated each other and may develop hatred as well. But mostly organization trained the people with fewer abilities to follow the ones with abilities to get the most out of them. This is because companies want to have a growing structure rather than destructive approach. Employees may sometimes come from different ethical backgrounds that practices things which are of bad influence to the other employees. This brings about personal rivalry in the work place. Then sometime people with different ideas trigger each other against them if the seniors listen more to one employees ideas rather than listening to all equally. So this difference in treatment can also influence the employees. Some people are in habitual to change while some are not, if the organization brings about some changes to the way it is working this is seen to be an act of decreasing the employees ability to coup up with the change as he may not like changes to the way he works. What methods management would require tackling the issues related to personal behaviour of employees at work? Support your answer with relevant organisational citation. The personal behaviour of the employees can be tackled with the following ways. The organizations should carry out the audits and equality test and check for the results through surveys that how the employees respond to each the question they have asked. Also try giving flexible hours of work so they can relax and can get fresh start when they want. Implement a strategy which stops the people from getting to personal or give them only right to talk about work issues and not of the personal stuff when they are in the work place. Companies such as McDonalds and also others such as HSBC bank and all have their own specific terms and conditions. In fact every organization has these terms which they ask from their employees to agree to it before signing for the job. This ensures that the personal rivalries and behaviour that is ignorant should not be used in the premises. To tackle such conditions the organizations should train managers and staff so they can handle the situation without creating any more stress. People sometimes makes mistake and manager should be there to tackle that as well as it is the responsibility of the manager to see to it that all the processes are in place and are running fine. The organizations should try things like friendly gathering or socializing team members so that they get to familiarize each other in a better way and can understand personal differences of each other. This method can bring the work force together and can make them realize the importance of working in a team with enthusiasm and respect. The respect factor is most important as it allows the understanding of both the position of one another in the organization as well as it is better to know on the human front as well. So these are the methods to tackle the people behaviour in work place. Understand the organisational factors that impact on people performance What is leadership? How many types of leaderships are there; and how these styles effect on individuals and teams work performance? Leadership is basically managing a group of individuals to accomplish a particular task. Leadership can be of basic school level for making simple science projects and it can be of government level for running a developed state. So all group tasks involves leadership but of different types. The recent leadership studies and theories give description of the leaders through their traits. This also includes use of power to achieve an objective. In this description the leaders are figured out as autocratic, bureaucratic, democratic and charismatic (ALA 2010). Autocratic: Autocratic is the kind of leadership which involves one man taking decision for the entire group. These decisions are kept to the leader only and the other team members only get orders by the leader to do what they are assigned to do. The main decisions are all centralized and only leader has the authority to govern the team as he wants. This is taken as one of the good leadership style because one person has to make every decision which is efficient and it provides motivation to the person as well (WIKIPEDIA 2012). Bureaucratic: Bureaucratic is almost of the same kind like autocratic but it relies mostly on making policies and bringing out objectives and strategies as described in the policy that has been made. These leaders work as dictated in the policy, which has all points mentioned and written properly. So its a direct message to the other members that they need to follow what has been told them and they cannot make any changes to it. This type of leadership sometimes demotivates the people in the group as if some point is harsh or strong which members resist following blindly (ALA 2010). Democratic: Democratic is in which all members get chance to put forward their decisions. It is not only dependent on the leaders decision but the leader asks the members about the issue and they suggest solutions which are then dealt with to get the best possible results. This democratic leadership is also referred as shared leadership which is because of the distributed decision making power rather than centralized decision making power. So this type of leadership motivates team workers as their suggestions are considered as well (WIKIPEDIA 2012). Charismatic: This is considered to be the best and the successful leadership. This brings on the creativity and allows bringing new and innovative ideas in practice. These types of leaders have long sightedness and a vision which let them govern the group with enthusiasm and motivation. This leadership is based on the personality of the leader and one compete another to come in front, so this brings on the chances for the most efficient person to come as a leader of the other hence bringing strength in the organization. The members get influenced and bring about positive results in the organization (ALA 2010). These are the given ways of leadership and everyone has its own influence on the members and the performance of the team is affected differently in all of these types as mentioned above in the respective leadership style. Explain the benefits of flexible working practices to individuals and organisations. Flexible working practices have so many benefits to both the individuals and the organizations. Through flexible working the individuals get convenience, as they can work at the time which is most suitable to them. The flexible working allows people to work in different places together, as you can give time to other activities as well. Organizations on the other hand also get benefits from these flexible working practices as they can ask for the staff at the time when they require the most work. Also this allows reducing costs in form of wages of individuals and also reduces the wastage of time people will have in organization when they have no work. Most organizations prefer people who work part times as this helps them getting fresh labour after few working hours and more individuals can get employment through this. The budget also goes down from this technique. Flexible working also brings about convenience in a way that people can work from their homes and can still be the part of the organization. The terms which come under flexible working practices mainly are job-sharing, flexi-time, career breaks, term time working and compressed hours. These all terms are of benefits to organizations and individuals both, individuals can make use of their time properly and organizations can reduce their budget from these practices (FRESH 2009). Flex time is a term used to define the time which is fixed for people of a state to do their job. Like for many countries it is 9 am to 5 pm at which the most of the people go to work and rest of the time they can utilize in whatever activity they like, which can be getting entertained with family or working for some other organization as a part time to get more earning. These all are considered the practices which can be classified under the flexible working practices. Using motivational theories assess how the working environment impacts on people performance. There are so many motivational theories, which assess the working environment on people performance. These include: Instinct Theory of Motivation: This theory suggests that people in an organization is trained to behave in certain special ways which are required for the organization. This theory is based on the fact that people already possess some qualities which are evolutionary and those are needed to be polished and changed in a way to suit ones own requirements. Incentive Theory of Motivation: The theory suggests that people are given motivation by letting them know that they will be rewarded for doing the good work. The impact this have on people is in a way that the for the reward the people try working at their best and in this way organizations get best results out of their employees. Drive Theory of Motivation: This theory is about the motivation of people in a way that people are motivated to do some particular actions which helps reducing tensions that are the reason of some unfulfilled needs. This theory is basically relying on biological component, like hunger and thirst. So this motivation is all about peoples psychological needs. Arousal Theory of Motivation: This theory shows that the people motivates by certain actions which brings in them a certain level of arousal that they can manage by increasing or decreasing as well. The organization can bring in its employees an arousal that motivates them to work at their best. Humanistic Theory of Motivation: This theory suggests that the people already have in them strong cognitive abilities to do different actions. This describes about people getting motivated to perform actions which fulfil their needs first the basics ones and then the other important needs. Basic needs as hunger thirst and all and other needs of living well in the world so they gets motivated to do work. (PSYCHOLOGY 2012) (WIKIPEDIA 2012) Organisational ethical practices highly influence employees motivation level. Make an assessment with relevant application on McDonalds. Organizational ethical practices do influence the employees motivational level. McDonalds have some basic code of conducts which the employees need to follow in order to maintain a good and healthy environment in the work place. The employees responsibilities involve treating everyone equally at the work place. Managers and supervisors have their own place so treat them with respect and provide them with whatever service they ask for. This ethical practice promotes respect as well as the ability to produce efficient results. Also in McDonalds the employee is not allowed to harass the other employee, it is the responsibility of everyone to make sure that the environment remains calm and friendly. No one should abuse one another and no one is eligible to say about other persons appearance or abuse other in anyway. The employees are considered to be the ambassadors of the company and they are expected to work and behave as such to make sure the organization is getting benefitted from this. These practices and responsibilities allow the employees to get motivated and work in a friendly and well managed way. So that no one feels offensive and degraded from each other. Everyone is placed at the same level and receives equal importance this ensures that the people working in the organization gets what their right is and no one will be treated badly. During training every employee has given special instructions, so they are told not to use any of companys assets for personal use. Also the computers should not be used for personal reasons. The employee has got the responsibility not to harm the company reputation in any case so he is eligible to consider the organization as its own. This ethics of McDonalds help the business grow and produce quality service with the motivation of employees that they give (EHOW 2012). Evaluate how organisations use their corporate social responsibility agenda to motivate employees. Corporate social responsibilities, CSR is a policy with which organization looks towards its bindings with the law, ethical standards and different international norms. It is a process to bring about encouragement in a positive way to the company through the practices that defines the basics of the company. This policy helps the employees get motivated and work accordingly to bring about the positive change. CSR helps identifying the company aim and mission and helps also in providing their customers with good experience. This policy contains all the possible and feasible structured points to enhance business out of scope and can bring about the best results. This agenda signifies the treatment of the company with employees, consumers and stakeholders so in a way it helps in the dealing with the different links attached to a company. The benefit it has on the company is very much impressive and attracts the employees with providing them motivation of working hard and up to some noticeable standards. CSR has different approaches and they are all for the organization to provide good services. One approach is incorporating CSR directly in the business strategy. This is all about fair trading and this gives company an edge. Another approach is the increase in corporate responsibilities. This brings about CSV, which is creating shared value, this model illustrated that the corporate wellbeing and social welfare depends on each other. Companies make sure to make a policy which motivates employees and enhance business structure as well. This is how they can organize a strategy that helps them working on the defined pattern. Employees motivation are most important as this is the only possible way of getting profitable business if the employee will not be satisfied then he will not be able to work up to the mark to produce sufficient results (WIKIPEDIA 2012). Understand methods for developing human resources Apply Maslows theory of motivation to develop people in any organisation (or organisation of your choice). Maslows theory of motivation suggests that people gets motivated according to their needs. Maslow divided the needs of people in pyramidal structure starting from the basic needs which makes the base of the pyramid. He suggested that basic need of a person such as food, water, sleep, and homeostasis are the ones which should be satisfied to make him motivate to work for his satisfaction and so on to fulfil other needs. HSBC is a bank which has a strategy of motivating its employee with the rewards. The first thing that comes up is the basic needs of the employee which is fulfils through the wages they get and can live, eat and sleep well. Others can be achieved as the employees shows interest in the organization and motivated him to get the best possible work which brings about the promotions and all. The Maslows theory divides the structure on 5 parts, which are physiological, safety, love/belongings, Esteem, and self-actualization. These are the stages through which a person develops motivation and work hard. Human resources are the main thing which companies need to fulfil; this is so with the HSBC they look towards their employees as well as their clients. If they satisfies the employees this in turn results in the satisfaction of the employees. Give people their basic needs, safety of life and way to live a friendly life in a healthy environment and this will help them get motivated to do their work with interest and satisfaction. If these d-needs as Maslow called it the deficiency needs will not be fulfilled the person cannot be able to work for the organization and will change it by getting negative influence from it. Human brain works in a way that it can relatively generates the all or multiple level of pyramid hierarchy at the same time. So this can motivate to the highest level when the needs be fulfilled at the same time (WIKIPEDIA 2012). Explain the different uses of coaching and mentoring in organisations. Coaching and mentoring is a technique used to make both the clients and the people involved make use of their full potential. Coaching is where a person trains the other to make them work best to its potential. The coaching can bring about the abilities which a person lacks. Whereas mentoring is also considered to be of the same kind that is guiding a junior to work in your position or to get him the skills that can make him work ahead. In an organization these techniques are used in many ways such as by questioning the client you can bring about the desired structure of the product he is looking for and you can then identify solutions from approaching the query. Also organizations apply techniques which included one to one training. This helps getting face to face understanding of each other. This also encourages people to practice in the field of competence where they feel reluctant and then come up with better performance, this can be achieved by the practice and only practice makes a man perfect. Coaching and mentoring provides employees skills where they lack and help them make their deficiencies into their strengths. With coaching one can achieve the goal which he is capable of achieving but is lacking behind due to some minor irresponsibility. These techniques help covering up those gaps and organization gets benefits with the employees they train for specific purposes. One thing which needs to be kept in mind is that the individual should achieve it in a positive way and develop skills rather than getting dependent on the coach or the mentor. If this will happen the individual will get a negative influence and that will be a disadvantage to the organization. These are the uses which an organization can have from techniques like this (WALES 2012). By investing large amount of money in employees training and development programmes, organisations strategically meet corporate objectives. Analyse comparative benefits (individual and organisational) of TD programmes within organisations. These training and development programmes are very much important to the organization betterment and success. The organization needs to spend money in these programmes in order to achieve corporative benefits. The outcome indeed will be greater than the spending. As if they will spend on training staff the trained staff will yield out better performance which is the basic requirement of the organization. If an organization does not spend on the training and development of the company they definitely cannot make progress and this will stop them from going forward in the competitive world. The large organizations such as banks have their staffed trained on regular basis so that to avoid any of the lacking which the employees may possess. In this way spending funds on training can make them get high benefits over the end, which can be clearly visible in the revenue that generates. The benefits which the organization gets are in many different forms. These can be either in the form of good client to employee relationship which helps encouraging more clients to get involved in the service that are offered by the company. Also they can get benefits from the other competitors in having trained staff which knows everything and is up to date with the latest development and technology. The TD programme makes the basis of the organization growth. Funding this is the major spending of many companies. As to gain something you need to spend something and this is from where they can gain the ultimate high performance. Without training the organization cannot make better decisions. The benefits also includes advanced used of ERP systems, trained personnel to operate it, high productivity, time can be saved as results and procedures will be more efficient. Advanced gadgets can be used rather than old traditional ways. For example in banks instead of queuing up and wait for your turn you can go and deposit amount directly in the pay-in machine, which saves time. The employee gets confidence through these trainings and feels more confidence when they talk to the customers and the other fellow members of the organization. People might take it as a difficult task and a responsibility other than their job to get this training and hesitates to attend and get the training, but they can be made reluctant by offering extra incentives so that they can come and get the training without any reluctance and hesitance. Managers should get the special training which is different than of the other employees. All staff members need to be trained at specific levels and then they should be given a task to see whether they can fulfil it. These benefits are long termed benefits as the company not only makes profit at the front face to face communication but the technology they are learning can bring them so much to know for the future use as well. Companies can enhance and expand their businesses out of the countries and can multiply with the advanced and developed procedure they have to follow. These are the benefits which they can avail from TD, so it is good to spend on such process. Be able to review how people are managed within organisations People management strategies. The strategy which involves management of people in an organization is known as people management strategy. this strategy enables an organization to work for better results by managing people according to their skills and requirements. The company has to look to this that the individual which is chosen for a job is best suitable for that place if not he should be given other responsibilities. In this way the company allows to get the room for making progress. These strategies need to be in placed as to avoid any circumstances of situation which will arise due to mismanagement of people or human resources. So people management strategies must be in place within developed organizations. Impact on people of management strategies used. The individuals do take impact from these strategies. These impacts can be identified such as if the individual is placed in the position which is best suited for him he definitely would work best to his aptitude as that position is best suited for him. His skills will replenish more in that place and he will eventually get the best outcome for the organization, which at the end going to make profit out of it. Also management strategies help people remain under influence of a leadership as the employee knows that he has to follow these specific procedures which is defined by the higher management so all the points and duties are made clear to the employees. In this way all the work gets handled perfectly without any hap hazards. Sometimes people get a negative impact as well and think that they have the potential of working in a higher place and they have been given a wrong position to work at in such a situation they get demotivated towards their work and sometime can produce losses to the organizations as well. In these kinds of scenarios management needs to handle them with the tests on the basis where everyone is given equal rights and whoever succeeds will get the position and will be able to work at it. Through these strategies people feels a sense of responsibilities on their shoulders and they think of themselves as the stakeholders and work like as they are working for themselves and are making profit for their own good not for the company. This thinking should be in the employee mind so that the potential they have can be bring out and the organizations can make it work in the best possible way. These can be the impacts which people mostly gain from the management strategies when it gets implemented on them. Recommend strategies to support high levels of performance. Implementation of right strategy helps an organization from getting out of financial crises or any kind of crises they are facing. The strategies which support high performance includes two way communications, this is the communication between the employee and the manager or the CEO. If the communication gap will be low and the meetings or lectures will be done on regular basis this will help the employee get to know the strategy of the companys stakeholders and through this they can put their potential to work in a better way. The other strategy could be strengthening employs engagement to work; this can be achieved by giving training in a field where he lacks and by also making him understand the situation through which the company is going in order to make him work accordingly to achieve the targeted results. The employee can be motivated and engaged more towards work if he will receive incentives and rewards for doing the job he is responsible for. In such situations the companys sets up a strategy of getting this much targeted clients in return the employee get reward for doing his job well. The strategy which is most important is that the managers and leaders should have the skills and knowledge of dragging the situations out of the uncertainty. This is very important, for example if an organization is getting towards the verge of destruction the manager should have skills so to avoid the loss and can be able to manage to the extend where the company has to face the minimum loss. This strategy can help enable the performance level which can in any case save the organization from having a down fall. All the responsibilities finally come to the shoulders of the manager so this is the position which should be offered to the highly competent individual who has the courage to face all even and odds. These are the strategies which can bring about high level of performance from individuals and from the management as well (PACONSULTING 2012).

Prejudice :: essays papers

Prejudice Immigrants entering our country have always experienced discrimination due to many different prejudices. ^How they would not rent to Negroes or Puerto Ricans. How Negroes and Puerto Ricans were given the pink slips first at work^ (Colon 243). Prejudice impacted various aspects of the lives of immigrants including where they lived, their success, and their careers. The lives of immigrants were impacted everyday due to the prejudices they encountered. For instance, in the story ^Blues Ain^t no Mockingbird^, a black family was impacted by the harassment of white men because the black family was assumed to be on welfare, therefore; they were videotaped against their will (Bambara 119-124). Another more extreme example that Houston illustrates would be the case of the Japanese-Americans who were thrown into detention camps during the war. Their loyalty for the country was questioned and they had to leave many of their possessions behind because of their nationality and the hatred of the enemy during the war (111-116). These immigrants encountered prejudices by the way they looked and their race. In the selection ^To Be a Slave^, it is said that: It is estimated that some fifty million people were taken from the continent during the years of the slave trade. These fifty million were, of course, the youngest, the strongest, those most capable of bringing great profit, first to the slave trader, and later to the slave owner. (Lester 84) Lester^s illustration shows that many African people were taken because they were black indeed. If the people who resided in Africa were white, or the same as Americans or Europeans, there probably would not have been much of a problem. Success was stressed on the lives of immigrants. Immigrants had to try harder then other people. In the story ^The Fat of the Land^, Yezierska points out that success was extremely stressed. Hanneh Breineh, a polish immigrant, stressed the importance of becoming successful. She did not want her children to have it as bad as she did. She desperately wanted them to become American. By the end of the story, all of her children are successful and rich in some way (33-49). ^^What did I tell you? In America, children are like money in the bank^^(Yezierska 42). Success is also a key point in the story ^Two Kinds^ by Amy Tan. In this story, a Chinese mother and daughter immigrate to California after losing what they had in China. The mother believed ^you can be anything you wanted to be in America.^ Therefore, her mother tries to make the little girl a prodigy.

European influence in Africa Essay

The presence of Europeans in African countries had a great influence on the cultural benefits, traditions and norms of Africans. African societies were composed of small ethnic groups bound by deep cultural and traditional benefits. Slave trade in North Africa disintegrated these cultural systems. The entry of Europeans in North Africa led to breaking of those small indigenous units into modular states that could be easily controlled by the colonial rule. They abolished the indigenous legal systems and imposed new legal systems based on European concepts of law. North Africa was integrated into the world capitalist system, where its main function was to provide raw materials and new markets for Western industrial revolution. This led to imposition of taxation forcing Africans into cheap wage labor. Land grabbing and alienation in settler colonies made it impossible for the economy of the colonized countries to grow. This is because the colonial administrations only developed areas they saw fit for their benefit and it led to growth of colonial cities such as Dakar, Lagos and Nairobi. Westernization in North Africa led to the rise of Christianity and reduced the number of Muslims in sub Sahara, which contributed to the destabilization of Africa traditions and cultural benefits. Christianity promoted the assimilation of new ideas and new lifestyles such as monogamy and nuclear family. African societies believed in polygamy and extended families. This is being practiced even to day. Christian missionaries introduced Western education, which involved mastery of European language and literacy. The adoption of new habits and tastes coupled with Christianity and western education, led to the development of a new elite that included teachers, clerks, lawyers and doctors. Slave trade degraded the value of African people because they were used against their will to benefit the European economy. This impacted negatively on African leaders because some still practice slave trade today. Europeans brought about, modernization in Africa in terms of Western education, Christianity and Western lifestyles. European influence in Asia (1650-1815). South East Asia comprised of societies that varied in different aspects. Main societies in south East Asia included China, Thailand and Cambodia, therefore European influence on South East Asia varied extensively depending on indigenous states. Societies in South East Asia had very distinct traditional beliefs and rulers who reigned with a conviction of permanency and stability. Europeans created new economic relationships in South East Asia by establishing new industries like rubber production and improvement of traditional ones such as rice and sugar industries. They were improved and expanded to meet the European needs. Communities in Cambodia protested against economical changes when agribusiness in form of plantation farming was introduced. Europeans aimed to make the traditional cultures modern. This was received positively by some south East Asians who had been trained in Western schools. They believed that Western culture would have positive effects on their cultural and economical backgrounds. The elites adopted the European language and mode of dressing. Adoption of the Western culture led to political, economical and social growth in Asia. However, it was difficult to assimilate the European culture and lifestyles in Asia because of the diversity of Asian cultural customs and traditions. Asia is composed of Muslim, Christianity and Buddhism and therefore impacting Christianity in Asia was difficult. These traditional settings emphasized on unifying of social, economic, political and social spheres, though it is impractical to unify all the spheres. The influence of Europeans in Asia was highly varied and uneven throughout the region. They used superior military technology to achieve conquest and monopoly. The Portuguese invasion of Malacca led to the decline of the trade systems as they tried to dominate the spice trade. The European therefore, caused the detachment of producers form their traditional markets. As a result the powerful trading cultures in southeastern Asia collapsed due to colonial influence. European influence was limited to the coastal ports and the adjoining regions. Peasant life in Asia was not affected by the European influence as they remained inside the confines of their village. (Alagappa 130-138). European influence in Middle East (1825-1941). Middle east societies combined religion with governance of their states. European powers overwhelmed the region and tried to separate governance from religion. They replaced the indigenous educational, social and political systems through modernization. The Kuranic schools were replaced by the Western education. Middle east is an Islamic region that viewed European powers as enemies for creating Christianity in the Muslim dominated region. This created a sense of distrust of the Europeans by the Arabs. Europeans faced great resistance form the Arabs who used national movements to adopt anti-western speeches in order to gain favor from their people.. European powers in the Middle East replaced the Muslim leaders by non-Muslim leaders to create artificial political territories since they did not arise from the societies. They created states that had conflicting ethnicities and divided other ethnic groups into two or three portions. For instance they divided the Kurds into Iran, Iraq, Turkey and Syria. (Kaelble 120-127). Dividing ethnic communities stirred political rivalry and violence in the Middle East. It also created instability among the Arabs, preventing political, social and economical development. The Arabs formulated revenge missions to the Europeans and resisted any form of invasion whether political, economical, educational or social.